Those born under the Taurus sign are known for being reliable, warm, honest, and stubborn. They can also be a little selfish and unforgiving. While a patronus is a very personal shield created by the patronus charm, and can differ quite a bit even among family , guesses can be made on what shapes might appear when the spell is successfully cast.
For a Taurus and a person with their typical personality traits, educated guesses can be made as to what might appear when a corporeal patronus does appear. Here are a few likely contenders, and a few more that would likely never show up.
Likely - Bull
It's the obvious choice, of course, but it can't be ignored. Bulls, like Taurus, are stubborn, and they often fight for domination and power.
They are also, physically, muscular and large, obviously great for protection. It's easy to rely on a bull shaped patronus for protection, just like its caster, who is likely someone very reliable. It would probably be very satisfying to cast a full grown bull when casting the patronus charm, and certainly fit the personality of any wizard who was also a Taurus.
Not - Scorpion
Aside from being closely related to another zodiac sign (Scorpio) the scorpion would also not fit with the warm and reliable nature of a Taurus. Scorpions don't procrastinate, attacking at the slightest provocation, and always looking out for number one, themselves.
It's unlikely a true Taurus would cast a scorpion when attempting a patronus charm, though, of course, patronus forms are not set, and can change under certain circumstances (see Tonks in Half Blood Prince as an example).
Likely - Deerhound
A dog shaped patronus of any kind would be a pretty good fit for a Taurus. Warn, dependable, dedicated, that fits both a description of a dog and a Taurus very well. A Deerhound gets extra credit for knowing how to chill out and enjoy itself, much like a Taurus.
Though, a Deerhound is always ready to go on the hunt. Their natural instincts make them good workers as well as chill companions. The large size of most Deerhounds would also make for a very impressive patronus cast when necessary.
Not - Snake
Sneaky, often misunderstood, there are certainly Tauruses in Slytherin house, but they would not be the most likely students to cast a snake patronus. Warm is not exactly how most snake species are described.
They often have a sharp bite, but try to stay out of the way, blending in, not wanting to be noticed. That's not exactly how Taurus rolls. A snake is more likely to sneak away in the grass than stand loyally by your side as a Taurus, or a dog, might.
Likely - Jaguar
A Taurus is dedicated and dependable, but that doesn't mean they don't know how to keep to themselves. A Taurus can be quiet, looking to understand the world, and the people around them, much like the silent stalking of a jaguar. Dependable and dedicated, a Taurus, like a jaguar, would certainly be able to get the job done.
But if you ever need protection, a jaguar is there and ready to pounce. Perhaps a bit different from the loyalty of a deerhound or other puppy like patronus, a jaguar would still fit the mold for a Taurus.
Not - Eagle
Taurus are warm and reliable, which means they are usually not quick to anger or misunderstanding, that means an eagle probably wouldn't fit a Taurus very well. Eagles are known for defending themselves and their territory, as well as being fearless and skilled hunters.
Taurus are a bit too laid back to have an eagle be their best representation when it comes to a patronus they may cast. An eagle would be an impressive corporeal form, but unlikely to come from the wand of a true Taurus.
Likely - Lion
A lion or, more likely, a lioness would make a great patronus for a Taurus. A lioness is one of the most dedicated and dependable animals in the world, doing most of the work in the pride and caring for her young.
Taking care of young takes dedication, and hunting certainly takes skill and ambition. The warmth and care a lioness shows her young also parallel Taurus traits as well. Lionesses depend on one another as well, helping to kill prey and care for other of pride.
Not - Goat
A goat is a bit of a mystery animal. They may seem gentle, but they also headbutt. Goats are a bit more of a mystery than a Taurus usually is, and unlikely to represent a true Taurus as a corporeal patronus.
Goats can be loyal, but they are not the warmest of animals, less likely than a true Taurus to be approached for comfort or advice.
Likely - Emperor Penguin
Dependable and dedicated? Those two traits hold true for Taurus and penguins. Consider how the father penguins stick it out, protecting their own eggs through thick and thin, while the mothers march off to get food.
Even after the egg hatches the father and mother penguin must keep the chick warm and fed. Penguins work hard year round, no matter the weather. A Taurus, for certain, could match up easily with a penguin patronus.
Not - Fox
While a fox would be an impressive animal to cast in silver as a patronus, it's not likely to appear for a Taurus. Fox are far too mysterious, sneaky, and secretive to match up with a Taurus.
They can be friendly and curious, but they can also be very aggressive, not quite like the chill laid back nature Taurus are often associated with.